Important Formula of Power Station Engineering - 1

( 1 ) Maximum demand 

            = Greatest demand of load during given period

( 2 ) Connected load 

           = Sum of all continuous rating of load 

• If consumer has four equipment and its rating are 500 W, 1 kW, 60 W and 40 W, the connected load = 500 W + 1000 W + 60 W + 40 W = 1600 W

( 3 ) Average load 

• The average load is given for specify time say daily, monthly or yearly. 

• Average load ( daily ) 

            = No. of units generated in a day / 24 hours 

• Average load ( Monthly ) 

         = No. of units generated in a day / Number of hours ( month ) 

• Average load ( Yearly ) 

         = No. of units generated in a day / Number of hours in a year

( 4 ) Load factor 

        = Average demand / Maximum demand 

       = Average demand × time / Maximum demand × time 

       = No. of unit generated in given time / Maximum demand × time

( 5 ) Demand factor 

       = Maximum demand / Connected load

( 6 ) Diversity factor 

       = Sum of individual maximum demand / Maximum demand

( 7 ) Plant capacity factor 

       = Average demand / Plant capacity 

       = Actual energy produced / Maximum energy have been            produced

( 8 ) Plant capacity factor ( Yearly ) 

       = Yearly kWh output / [ Plant capacity × ( 365 × 24 ) ]

( 9 ) Plant use factor 

       = Station output in kWh / 

            [ Plant capacity × Plant operation in hours ]

( 10 ) Reserve capacity 

       = Plant capacity – Maximum demand

If the maximum demand is same, load factor is equal to plant capacity.

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